Practitioners

Frederic Jameson

• The loss of historical reality in the postmodern era 
• Describes the postmodern condition as "a new ind of flatness, of deathlessness, a new kind of superficiality in the most literal sense" 
• Describes the loss of historical reality in writing, claiming that it only represents our ideas of the past
• Has a lack of faith in anything new

Jean Francois Lyotard 

• Explores the manifestations of anti-authoritarian tendencies 
• "the grand narrative has lost its credibility"
• He believes that knowledge has become a commodity and consequently a means of empowerment
• He believes grand narratives are authoritative and calls for a knowledge based on meta-narratives
• Mini-narratives do not contain universal truths
• Meta-narratives are big ideas and group identities

Baudrillard

• Discusses the role of the mass media in the construction of postmodern hyperreality
• Simulations of reality become "more real than the real"
• Constructed the discussion of 'the loss of the real'
• The world used to be consisted of signs but has been replace with postmodern simulacrum
• The postmodern world consists of simulations of reality of hyperrealities
• 'There is a lack of faith in anything new as postmodernism believes that everything has been done before and nothing new can be created"